Frequently asked questions

A free 15-minute video call. No intake form, no paperwork — just a conversation about what's bringing you here and whether working together is the right fit. If it is, we talk about where to start. If it isn't, I'll tell you what I think might fit better. You won't be sold to.

All booking goes through the link on the book page. The scheduler is run by SimplePractice, my clinical EHR, which handles intake, consent forms, and session scheduling in one place. The only way to become a client is to start with a consultation.

Slower than you might expect. We spend the first session (and often several more) getting oriented — what brings you here, what you've tried, what your life around this looks like, what you're hoping will be different. I don't dive into the hardest material on day one, and I don't ask you to either. The work unfolds at a pace the nervous system can hold.

Therapy is clinical work under my professional license — diagnosis, treatment planning, a clinical record, and work that's typically open-ended. Coaching is non-clinical, usually time-bounded, and focused on a specific situation (most often preparation for or integration of a psychedelic experience). They're separate services with different contracts. In the consultation we figure out which fits. Some clients do both — not usually at the same time on the same topic.

Both. Most sessions are secure video via a HIPAA-compliant telehealth platform, available to clients anywhere in Utah. In-person sessions are available at my office in Murray, Utah.

The full range — complex developmental trauma (what grew up around you), acute trauma (what happened to you), relational and attachment trauma (what happened between you and the people meant to care for you), and grief that's tangled with any of these. I don't have a specialty type I only see. I do have a specific approach to all of it.

No. Many people I work with wouldn't meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD and would still say trauma describes what's going on. If you're carrying something old that's still present, the work can help. A diagnosis isn't the gate.

You don't have to choose up front. Most of my clients end up with a mix, drawn from whatever fits where they are in a given session. In the consultation we can talk about what you've heard about each and what's drawing you toward one, and I'll tell you honestly how I'd likely use them with you.

Longer than a protocol, shorter than forever. A specific event that's still loud might shift in three to six months of focused EMDR or somatic work. Developmental or complex trauma is usually a year or more of weekly sessions. I'll give you my honest read in the consultation, and we check in regularly about whether what we're doing is still the right thing.

Individual therapy is $200 per 50–60 minute session, billed in full at the time of service. A limited number of reduced-fee slots are available, allocated case-by-case — if cost is a barrier, raise it in the consultation. See the fees page for the full rate list, insurance carriers, and cancellation policy.

I'm in-network with Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna, Regence BCBS, Select Health, and United Healthcare for therapy and the psychotherapy portion of KAP. If we're out of network for your plan, I provide superbills on request so you can submit for out-of-network reimbursement. Whether your plan reimburses, and at what rate, is between you and your insurer. Coaching (preparation, integration, facilitation) is not reimbursable under any health insurance. Full details on the fees page.

Yes, for many people. Secure video (HIPAA-compliant) works well for most of the work. EMDR translates online, somatic work adapts, and the relationship isn't meaningfully diminished by the medium once we're a few sessions in. Some clients do prefer in-person for the most intense phases; if that's you, we'll plan for it.

After an initial resourcing phase, reprocessing sessions follow the standard EMDR protocol: we identify a target memory, establish a baseline image and cognition, and run sets of bilateral stimulation — usually eye movements or alternating taps — while you hold the target in mind. Between sets, you report what came up. The target usually shifts across sets, and across sessions, toward something less charged.

It tends to fit well when a specific event or period is still loud — flashbacks, intrusive memory, strong body response when triggered. It fits less well for purely developmental trauma, or when dissociation is prominent without strong resource. In the consultation we can talk through the shape of what you're carrying.

A single-event target can resolve in three to eight reprocessing sessions; the full arc including preparation and closure is usually a few months. Complex trauma layers across many targets and often runs a year or more. I'll give you my honest read in the consultation.

Yes. I use bilateral stimulation methods that translate well to video — self-tap protocols, auditory tones, screen-based visual stimuli. The EMDR literature now supports online delivery as comparable to in-person for most presentations.

For reprocessing a specific stuck memory, often yes — protocol work can unstick material that years of talk therapy circled without resolving. For the rest of what therapy is for — relational patterns, meaning-making, the long arc of becoming yourself — talk therapy is the right tool. I weave them together; most clients don't work with me on EMDR alone.

That's part of why we don't start reprocessing on day one. Resourcing and history-mapping can happen without touching the target directly. When a memory is genuinely too difficult to approach, we build the resource to approach it — sometimes for weeks — before we begin reprocessing. If it stays unreachable, we reconsider whether EMDR is the right first modality.

We track sensation — where something is in your body, what it feels like, what it wants to do. We pendulate between the activated edge and a resourced baseline. We notice small discharges — a yawn, a shiver, an exhale — as signs the nervous system is moving. Often the narrative content is minimal. The work is in the attention.

It tends to fit when the trauma is older, preverbal, developmental, or body-based; when your nervous system runs chronically too hot or too flat; or when you've done years of talk therapy and feel something still held in the body that conversation hasn't reached.

Sometimes there's emotional release. Often there's subtle physical discharge — a deep breath, a small tremor, a spontaneous movement. Just as often, a productive session looks quiet from the outside: attention, noticing, a gentle shift in how the body organizes itself. We don't aim for catharsis. We aim for the nervous system settling into something it couldn't reach before.

Depends on what you're working with. A specific recent event with intrusive memories — usually EMDR first. Developmental or preverbal trauma, chronic nervous-system dysregulation, trauma held primarily in the body — usually SE first. Many clients do both over the course of an arc.

No. Somatic experiencing is a verbal therapy; the body is the subject of our attention, but I'm not doing bodywork on you. I don't use hands-on touch. Adjunct practices like massage, bodywork, acupuncture, or trauma-sensitive yoga can complement SE well — many of my clients do both — but they're separate from the sessions here.

Yes, with some adaptation. Tracking sensation over video works — you're in your own body, watching your own experience. What's lost is the subtle co-regulation that happens in shared physical space, which I find worth noting but not disqualifying for most clients.

KAP — ketamine-assisted psychotherapy — is a clinical protocol in which a licensed therapist uses low, sublingual doses of ketamine to support the therapeutic process. The ketamine is administered under medical direction; the therapy is what happens before, during, and after.

Adults with a diagnosis of treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, complex trauma, chronic anxiety, or related conditions who have tried standard therapy and/or medication without sufficient relief, who are medically stable, and who can commit to the full preparation-dosing-integration arc. Screening is required.

KAP is not appropriate during active crisis, with a history of psychosis or mania, with certain cardiovascular conditions, with active untreated substance use, or when the client is looking for a single session. The prescribing physician and I jointly determine eligibility after screening.

The psychotherapy portion of KAP — preparation, dosing, and integration sessions — is $200 per hour. The ketamine medication itself and any separate prescriber evaluation are billed separately and aren't included in the psychotherapy rate. A full arc typically includes 2–4 preparation sessions, 1–6 dosing sessions, and ongoing integration over 3–6 months. See the fees page for the complete rate list and insurance posture.

For the psychotherapy portion of KAP, I'm in-network with Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna, Regence BCBS, Select Health, and United Healthcare. If we're out of network for your plan, a superbill is available on request. The ketamine medication and any separate prescriber relationship are handled and billed outside the psychotherapy fee, and are not reimbursable through my practice. See the fees page for more detail.

Most clients do 2–4 preparation sessions, 1–6 dosing sessions, and ongoing integration — typically over 3–6 months. The arc is individualized; some clients do more, some fewer.

Ketamine has a long history of anesthetic use and is considered medically safe at the doses used in KAP. Psychological risk is managed through thorough screening, in-session presence, and integration. Every client signs an informed-consent document that covers risks in detail. That said, no medical procedure is risk-free, and we will discuss your specific risk profile in preparation.

A ketamine clinic typically offers IV infusions for symptom relief without a structured psychotherapy component. KAP is psychotherapy that uses ketamine as a tool within a structured therapeutic protocol. Both can be useful for different people; they are not the same thing.

Intention, set and setting, your psychological readiness, and practical logistics around the experience. Not the substance, not medical clearance, not ongoing therapy.

Therapy is clinical: diagnosis, treatment planning, a clinical record, work that's typically open-ended. Preparation coaching is a short, focused engagement around a specific upcoming event. I practice both, but they're separate services with different contracts.

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Most people do two to four preparation sessions, spaced in the weeks leading up to the experience. Some do one; some do more. We plan the arc in the consultation.

I discuss readiness. I don't clear it. I don't issue medical clearance — that's a physician's job — and I don't issue psychiatric clearance either. If your container isn't doing independent screening, arrange that separately before we start.

Ketamine preparation coaching is $200 per hour. Most clients do 2–4 sessions in the weeks before an experience; the full arc total depends on how many sessions you need. Coaching isn't reimbursable under health insurance, so there's no superbill for this service. See the fees page for all rates.

Yes — most of it. Preparation sessions are conversational and planning-focused, which translates well to video.

Three things together: making sense of the experience, letting it change how you live, and being honest about which parts should be integrated and which shouldn't.

Integration coaching is a focused engagement around a specific experience and what comes after. Therapy is open-ended clinical work that addresses the person, not the event. They can run in parallel or sequentially.

For most people, within the first two weeks. Earlier if the experience was destabilizing. Later if you're doing fine solo initially. There's no wrong window — I've worked with people starting integration years after an experience.

Typical arcs are 4–8 sessions over 2–4 months. Some people do more; some do fewer. The arc ends when you feel like you've done the work the experience was asking for.

Difficult experiences benefit especially from careful integration, but they sometimes need more than coaching. If what you're carrying is clinical — flashbacks, panic, dissociation, HPPD-like perceptual changes — we look at whether therapy is the right first step. If you're in acute crisis right now, 988 is the right first call.

Integration coaching is $150 per hour. Typical arcs are 4–8 sessions over 2–4 months. Coaching isn't reimbursable under health insurance, so there's no superbill for this service. See the fees page for all rates.

Yes, and most of it is. Integration is conversation-and-practice-design work that translates well to video.

Yes. Most of my integration clients didn't prepare with me — they did it on their own, with a different coach, or not at all. Integration coaching is its own service and doesn't require the prep arc.

I'm present during your experience — in whatever way the container and substance make appropriate — to monitor safety, hold the space, and be available for what the experience asks for. Specifics vary widely across containers. The consultation is where we map them for your situation.

Because operating outside them exposes you, me, and the work to serious legal risk. The legal frames — KAP inside my clinical practice, licensed psilocybin services where available, specific legally-protected ceremonial contexts — are narrow but real. Coaching (preparation and integration) is available whether or not your container fits one of those frames.

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For facilitation clients, yes. I don't offer facilitation without preparation before and integration after. Preparation and integration, separately, are available as standalone services.

The consultation is the right place. Two gating questions: does your container fit one of the legal frames I work in, and is the full preparation / facilitation / integration arc something you're willing to commit to?

Facilitation is $200 per hour with a two-hour minimum per engagement. A facilitation day is usually a full working day and often has specific logistical requirements we'll scope in the consultation. Facilitation is only offered alongside preparation before and integration after — it isn't available as a standalone service, and it isn't reimbursable under health insurance. See the fees page for all rates.

Less than 24 hours' notice is a late cancellation and is charged at the full session fee. Exceptions for documented illness, emergencies, and same-week reschedules where a slot is available. Reach out through the EHR as soon as you know — earlier notice almost always means a workable alternative. Full policy on the fees page.

Yes — for therapy and the psychotherapy portion of KAP. Superbills include the CPT codes, diagnosis, and practice information your insurer needs to process an out-of-network claim; request one at any time through the EHR. Coaching (preparation, integration, facilitation) isn't reimbursable under health insurance, so I don't produce superbills for those services. The ketamine medication itself is billed separately from KAP psychotherapy and isn't included on the superbill. See the fees page for insurance carriers and rate details.

For therapy, I keep clinical records under HIPAA; those are accessible to you, subject to standard clinical release procedures, and not released to third parties without your explicit written consent. For coaching, I don't keep a clinical record — notes exist for my own continuity but don't become part of a clinical chart.

My EHR has a secure messaging feature for scheduling and administrative questions. I don't do clinical work between sessions over text or email — what matters belongs in the session, where we can attend to it properly. For acute safety concerns, 988 (U.S. Suicide and Crisis Lifeline) or 911 are the right first calls.

If you're having thoughts of harming yourself or someone else, call or text 988 (U.S. Suicide and Crisis Lifeline). For medical emergencies, 911. This practice is not set up for crisis response — even if we're already working together, the right first call in an acute moment is one of those numbers, not mine.

Most of what surfaces between sessions is best held until we meet again — noticing it is often part of the work. If what's happening feels beyond that, reach out through the EHR messaging system and we can talk about whether an earlier session makes sense. If it crosses into crisis territory, 988 or 911 come first.

Difficult psychedelic experiences benefit from careful integration. If what happened was destabilizing — persistent perceptual changes, flashbacks, severe emotional dysregulation that started during or after the experience — a consultation can help us figure out whether integration coaching is enough, or whether therapy with a trauma- and psychedelic-literate clinician is the right first step. If you're in acute crisis right now, 988.